Exercise Improves Vascular Function, but does this Translate to the Brain?

Exercise training improves vascular mitochondrial function.

Exercise training is recognized to improve cardiac and skeletal muscle mitochondrial respiratory capacity; however, the impact of chronic exercise on vascular mitochondrial respiratory function is unknown. We hypothesized that exercise training concomitantly increases both vascular mitochondrial respiratory capacity and vascular function. Arteries from both sedentary (SED) and swim-trained (EX,...

Insulin Regulates Brain Function, but How Does It Get There?

We have learned over the last several decades that the brain is an important target for insulin action. Insulin in the central nervous system (CNS) affects feeding behavior and body energy stores, the metabolism of glucose and fats in the liver and adipose, and various aspects of memory and cognition. Insulin may even influence the development or progression of Alzheimer disease. Yet, a number ...

How Does Systran Translate ?

Undertreatment improves, but overtreatment does not.

W HEN WE LAUNCHED THE “LESS IS More” series, it was with the goal of correcting what we see as a prevalent bias in American medicine: that more care (more diagnostic tests, more treatments, more procedures) is better care. As modern medicine has produced some spectacular interventions, including antibiotics for infections, antiretroviral agents for persons with human immunodeficiency virus infe...

Strain: What Does This Add to Ventricular Function Assessment?

Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has advanced the role of the cardiovascular anesthesiologist and increased his/her active role and obligations during perioperative patient care. Assessment of global and regional left ventricular (LV) function consists of two-dimensional (2D) or Doppler evaluation of cardiac structures and their interaction with blood flow. The techniques used are mostly ...